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Article type: 
Original article 

Index UDK: 167.5 : 141.8 

Year, Volume, Number:
2024, Vol. 12, № 4 (48)

Pages: 149-161



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COMMUNAL UTOPIA AND EXAMPLES OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION

         

 

Natalia G. Mitina
Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of General Humanitarian Disciplines, Far Eastern State Institute of Arts, 3A Peter the Great street, Vladivostok, 690091, Russia, millkonf@yandex.ru 

 

EDN: NSYOWE 
DOI: 10.21685/2307-9525-2024-12-4-14 
 

Category: PHILOSOPHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, PHILOSOPHY OF CULTURE


For citation:
Mitina N.G. Communal utopia and examples of its implementation. Elektronnyy nauchnyy zhurnal "Nauka. Obshchestvo. Gosudarstvo" = Electronic scientific journal "Science. Society. State". 2024;12(4):149–161. (In Russ.). doi:10.21685/2307-9525-2024-12-4-14

 

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Received: 31.08.2024

Accepted: 30.10.2024
....................................... 

Open access

 


Abstract
Background. The article considers the commune as a form of social organization proposed in philosophical utopian projects. One of the first philosophers to develop a commune project was Ch. Fourier, who gave a detailed description of all the features of this form of community life, called the phalanx. Fourier's project later served as a model for the creation of communal houses in Soviet Russia in the post-revolutionary period. The purpose of the work is to analyze the commune projects proposed in the projects of classical anarchism and pan-anarchism, where this form is further developed, to trace the relationship between the concepts of the commune structure in utopian projects. Materials and methods. The material for the study was the commune projects proposed in utopias (from Ch. Fourier to modern utopias of the twentieth century). The study used comparative philosophical analysis, descriptive method, gender approach. Results. Separate examples of communes created in the 20-30s of the XX century in Soviet Russia and their connection with the culture of the avant-garde are considered. The commune, as a form of community life, in the first years of Soviet power best corresponded to ideological principles, contributed to the transformation of society and changes in man, relationships between the sexes, family, and everyday life. The article examines a project from the 1970s associated with projects of the early 20th century and the avant-garde culture, where architectural ideas of this period are used and issues of gender are considered. The significance of the commune as a form of socialization of everyday life and the implementation of the principle of collectivism is revealed. Conclusions. According to philosophers, the commune is the most successful form for the implementation of the principles of freedom, equality, and justice, where man is free from power and coercion. All utopian projects pay attention to solving the problem of relationships between the sexes and issues of gender equality. The article highlights the features of the utopias of the avant-garde culture, which includes pananarchism. A connection can be traced between the characteristics of the era and the utopian projects that are being formed, which allows utopia to transform from an ideal into a project.

   
   

Keywords
commune, gender relations, freedom, equality, justice, collectivism, utopia, project

 

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